linux系统shell脚本中文件判断的几个实例

在写shell脚本的时候经常会用到if判断，下面是可能会经常使用的几个实例。包括判断目录是否存在，文件是否存在、变量是否相当等。

#!/bin/sh

myPath="/var/log/httpd/"
myFile="/var /log/httpd/access.log"

# 这里的-x 参数判断$myPath是否存在并且是否具有可执行权限
if [ ! -x "$myPath"]; then
    mkdir "$myPath"
fi

# 这里的-d 参数判断$myPath是否存在
if [ ! -d "$myPath"]; then
    mkdir "$myPath"
fi
# 这里的-f参数判断$myFile是否存在
if [ ! -f "$myFile" ]; then
    touch "$myFile"
fi

# 其他参数还有-n,-n是判断一个变量是否是否有值
if [ ! -n "$myVar" ]; then
    echo "$myVar is empty"
    exit 0
fi

# 两个变量判断是否相等
if [ "$var1" = "$var2" ]; then
    echo '$var1 eq $var2'
else
    echo '$var1 not eq $var2'
fi

参数：

-a file exists.
-b file exists and is a block special file.
-c file exists and is a character special file.
-d file exists and is a directory.
-e file exists (just the same as -a).
-f file exists and is a regular file.
-g file exists and has its setgid(2) bit set.
-G file exists and has the same group ID as this process.
-k file exists and has its sticky bit set.
-L file exists and is a symbolic link.
-n string length is not zero.
-o Named option is set on.
-O file exists and is owned by the user ID of this process.
-p file exists and is a first in, first out (FIFO) special file or
named pipe.
-r file exists and is readable by the current process.
-s file exists and has a size greater than zero.
-S file exists and is a socket.
-t file descriptor number fildes is open and associated with a
terminal device.
-u file exists and has its setuid(2) bit set.
-w file exists and is writable by the current process.
-x file exists and is executable by the current process.
-z string length is zero.