Linux二进制包安装MySQL 5.7的步骤
发表时间:2019-05-11 23:45 | 分类:Mysql | 浏览:2,556 次
MySQL 5.7提供二进制包的安装,相比yum安装麻烦点,但相比编译安装还是会方便很多。二进制包不需要自行编译mysql源码,瞎下载后可直接使用,绿色版安装。二进制包安装也和编译一样,可以灵活指定需要的MySQL版本。下面就以centos系统为例安装。
一、下载MySQL 5.7二进制包
下载页面:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads
OS选择:linux generic,按照系统版本下载。
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
二、创建用户
groupadd mysql useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql
三、解压安装
tar zxf mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local cd /usr/local ln -s mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
四、设置环境变量
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile source /etc/profile
五、配置MySQL
例如把mysql数据放在/data/mysql目录,创建目录。
mkdir -pv /data/mysql chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql chmod go-rwx /data/mysql
配置my.cnf,例如
vim /etc/my.cnf [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock pid_file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid datadir = /data/mysql default_storage_engine = InnoDB max_allowed_packet = 512M max_connections = 2048 open_files_limit = 65535 skip-name-resolve lower_case_table_names=1 character-set-server = utf8mb4 collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4' innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M innodb_log_file_size = 1024M innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0 key_buffer_size = 64M log-error = /data/mysql/mysql_error.log log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql-bin binlog_format = mixed expire_logs_days = 10 slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/slow_query.log long_query_time = 1 server-id=1
具体路径和配置根据自己需求可以修改。
六、初始化
执行初始化命令,执行完会在 /data/mysql 生成数据文件。
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
在日志文件里会提示一个临时密码,记录这个密码。本例中是 3igikt:T&p1r
七、配置启动脚本
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chkconfig --add mysqld chkconfig mysqld on chkconfig --list |grep mysqld
八、启动MySQL
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
看到进程说明启动成功。
九、登录和重置root密码
# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: 输入上面的临时密码 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.26-log Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases ; ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement. mysql> alter user user() identified by "123456"; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.43 sec) mysql> exit # mysql -uroot -p123456 # 新密码可以登录了
十、安全设置
可根据自己需要设置MySQL的安全配置。密码复杂度插件测试环境我就不安装了。例如
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation Securing the MySQL server deployment. Enter password for user root: VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords and improve security. It checks the strength of password and allows the users to set only those passwords which are secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin? Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: Using existing password for root. Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : ... skipping. By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y Success. Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y Success. By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y - Dropping test database... Success. - Removing privileges on test database... Success. Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y Success. All done!
到这里linux下二进制方式安装MySQL就完成了。